Shape: the implant may have a round profile or one that is anatomic (teardrop or tapered shape)
Profile: the implant may have a low, medium or high projection (the depth of the implant from the base to the highest point of the implant curve)
Diameter: the width of the implant measured across it's base (the side of the implant that will be positioned over the chest wall)
Adult women of any age can benefit greatly from the enhancement breast implants provide. It is usually recommended, however, that a woman's breasts are fully developed prior to placement of breast implants. Saline implants are FDA approved for augmentation in women 18 years of age and older. Silicone implants are FDA approved for augmentation in women age 22 and older. Saline or silicone implants may be recommended at a younger age if used for reconstruction purposes.
You should be aware that breast implants are not guaranteed to last a lifetime and future surgery may be required to replace one or both implants. Regular examinations for breast health and to evaluate the condition of your implants are important whether you have chosen saline or silicone breast implants
All Surgery Carries Some Uncertainty and Risk
Breast augmentation is relatively straightforward. But as with any operation, there are risks associated with surgery and specific complications associated with this procedure.
The most common problem, capsular contracture, occurs if the scar or capsule around the implant begins to tighten. This squeezing of the soft implant can cause the breast to feel hard. Capsular contracture can be treated in several ways, and sometimes requires either removal or "scoring" of the scar tissue, or perhaps removal or replacement of the implant.
As with any surgical procedure, excessive bleeding following the operation may cause some swelling and pain. If excessive bleeding continues, another operation may be needed to control the bleeding and remove the accumulated blood.
A small percentage of women develop an infection around an implant. This may occur at any time, but is most often seen within a week after surgery. In some cases, the implant may need to be removed for several months until the infection clears. A new implant can then be inserted.
Some women report that their nipples become oversensitive, under sensitive, or even numb. You may also notice small patches of numbness near your incisions. These symptoms usually disappear within time, but may be permanent in some patients.
Breast implants do not generally interfere with a woman's ability to breast feed, or present a health hazard during pregnancy to a woman or her baby. However, pregnancy and the associated changes to a woman's body may alter the results of any breast surgery, including surgery to place breast implants. Therefore, it is important to discuss the options of breast implant surgery with your plastic surgeon if you are interested in becoming pregnant and breast feeding in the future.
Occasionally, breast implants may break or leak. Rupture can occur as a result of injury or even from the normal compression and movement of your breast and implant, causing the man-made shell to leak.
If a saline-filled implant breaks, the implant will deflate in a few hours and the salt water will be absorbed and naturally expelled by the body.
If a silicone-gel filled implant leak or break, the elastic silicone gel may remain within the implant shell, or may escape into the breast implant pocket (a capsule of tissue that surrounds the implant). A leaking implant filled with silicone gel may not deflate and may not be noticeable except through imaging techniques such as an MRI. For this reason, a woman with silicone breast implants is advised to visit her plastic surgeon annually to assess that her implants are functioning well. An ultrasound exam or MRI screening can assess the condition of breast implants; after 3 years it is recommended that all silicone implants be properly screened.
Following the placement of breast implants mammography is technically more difficult. Obtaining the best possible results requires specialized techniques and additional views. You must be candid about your implants when undergoing any diagnostic breast exam. In many cases, an ultrasound exam or MRI may be recommended in addition to mammography.
While the majority of women do not experience these complications, you should discuss each of them with your physician to make sure you understand the risks and consequences of breast augmentation.
Miyerkules, Setyembre 15, 2010
Breast Augmentation (Mammoplasty)
Breast augmentation, technically known as augmentation mammoplasty, is a surgical procedure to enhance the size and shape of a woman's breast for a number of reasons:
To enhance the body contour of a woman who, for personal reasons, feels her breast size is too small.
To restore breast volume lost due to weight loss or following pregnancy
To achieve better symmetry when breasts are moderately disproportionate in size and shape
To improve the shape of breasts that are sagging or have lost firmness, often used with a breast lift procedure
To provide the foundation of a breast contour when a breast has been removed or disfigured by surgery to treat breast cancer
To improve breast appearance or create the appearance of a breast that is missing or disfigured due to trauma, heredity, or congenital abnormalities
By inserting an implant behind each breast, surgeons are able to increase a woman's bust line by one or more bra cup sizes. If you're considering breast augmentation, this will give you a basic understanding of the procedure—when it can help, how it's performed, and what results you can expect. It can't answer all of your questions, since a lot depends on your individual circumstances. Please ask your surgeon if there is anything you don't understand
Preparing For Your Surgery
Your surgeon will give you instructions to prepare for surgery, including guidelines on eating and drinking, smoking, and taking or avoiding certain vitamins and medications. A mammogram may be recommended prior to your procedure to ensure breast health and serve as a baseline for future comparison.
In addition to explaining your surgical procedure, you plastic surgeon will discuss anaesthesia, the recovery process and your obligations as a patient. You will also discuss where your procedure will be performed. You will be asked to sign consent forms to ensure that you fully understand the procedure you will undergo and any risks and potential complications of your surgery. There may be a waiting period of several days to weeks from the time of your consent to the day of surgery.
While making preparations, be sure to arrange for someone to drive you home after your surgery and to help you out for a few days.
Planning Your Surgery
In your initial consultation, your surgeon will evaluate your health and explain which surgical techniques are most appropriate for you, based on the condition of your breasts and skin tone. If your breasts are sagging, your doctor may also recommend a breast lift.
Be sure to discuss your expectations frankly with your surgeon. He or she should be equally frank with you, describing your alternatives and the risks and limitations of each. You may want to ask your surgeon for a copy of the manufacturer's insert that comes with the implant he or she will use—just so you are fully informed about it. And, be sure to tell your surgeon if you smoke, and if you're taking any medications, vitamins, or other drugs.
Your surgeon should also explain the type of anaesthesia to be used, the type of facility where the surgery will be performed, and the costs involved. Because most insurance companies do not consider breast augmentation to be medically necessary, carriers generally do not cover the cost of this procedure.
The Best Candidates For Breast Augmentation
Breast augmentation can enhance your appearance and your self-confidence, but it won't necessarily change your looks to match your ideal, or cause other people to treat you differently. Before you decide to have surgery, think carefully about your expectations and discuss them with your surgeon.
The best candidates for breast augmentation are women who are looking for improvement, not perfection, in the way they look. If you're physically healthy and realistic in your expectations, you may be a good candidate.
Types of Implants
The choice of implant filler, implant size, shape and other features will be determined based on your breast anatomy, body type and your desired increase in size. Your lifestyle, goals and personal preferences, as well your plastic surgeon's recommendations and sound surgical judgment are also determining factors. Implant manufacturers occasionally introduce new styles and types of implants, and therefore there may be additional options available to you.
Breast implants are medical devices with a solid silicone, rubber shell. The implant shell may be filled with either saline solution (sterile salt water) or elastic silicone gel. Both saline and silicone gel breast implants are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Approval means that an implant has been rigorously researched and tested, and reviewed by an independent panel of physicians for safety.
The size of a breast implant is measured in cubic centimetres (ccs) based on the volume of the saline or silicone filler.
What is Abdominoplasty?
Many people have problems keeping their tummy area in shape. Some have tried dieting and exercise yet still do not get the results they want to have. Abdominoplasty might just be the solution for such concerns.
Commonly known as a Tummy Tuck, Abdominoplasty involves the surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are removed, resulting to a firm and smooth abdomen. The procedure entails the removal of excess abdominal skin, reduction of fat below the skin, and if necessary, tightening of the muscles of the abdominal wall.
Most people who undergo this treatment are those who have gone through pregnancies. Sometimes the old unsightly scars from a C-section, appendectomy, and stretch marks can be removed as well. A Tummy Tuck results to a more youthful, firmer, and flatter abdominal contour.
However, do take note that Abdominoplasty is not a substitute for weight loss. We highly recommend weight management programs for patients to maintain their weight and keep the body in its new shape.
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IGAP Flap – Inferior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap
The IGAP flap, or the Inferior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap is a variation of the SGAP flap. The procedure is virtually identical aside from the use of the inferior gluteal artery versus the superior gluteal artery. The physical difference to the patient is a donor scar lower on the buttock versus higher on the buttock. Which of these two procedures is most appropriate usually is determined by each patients individual anatomy.
Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time.
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SGAP Flap - Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap
The SGAP Flap, or the Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator flap (buttocks), is ideal for those who do not have an adequate amount of excess abdominal tissue. The breast may be reconstructed with the skin, fat and the tiny blood vessels taken from the gluteal area.
Most women have enough excess tissue in this area to achieve a B or C cup breast size. The SGAP flap procedure is performed by using the tissue from the top part of the buttock without injury to the underlying gluteal muscles. A slight buttock lift results in the donor area with a fine line incision easily hidden within the panty line. The tissue is then transplanted to the breast and a microscope is used to connect the blood vessels supplying this tissue to those at the mastectomy site. The tissue is then sculpted into the new breast mound.
Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time.
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Most women have enough excess tissue in this area to achieve a B or C cup breast size. The SGAP flap procedure is performed by using the tissue from the top part of the buttock without injury to the underlying gluteal muscles. A slight buttock lift results in the donor area with a fine line incision easily hidden within the panty line. The tissue is then transplanted to the breast and a microscope is used to connect the blood vessels supplying this tissue to those at the mastectomy site. The tissue is then sculpted into the new breast mound.
Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time.
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Endoscopic Latissimus Dorsi Flap
The Endoscopic Latissimus Dorsi Flap is similar to the traditional Latissimus Dorsi flap with several exceptions. The Endoscopice Latissimus Dorsi flap technique allows for the harvests the muscle without overlying skin or fat, and can be performed through a small incision in the underarm area. This procedure is suitably for patients who may have had radiation therapy and adequate skin, but are not candidates for tissues expansions or permanent implants alone.
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Breastlift (Mastopexy)
Over the years, factors such as pregnancy, nursing, and the force of gravity take their toll on a woman's breasts. As the skin loses its elasticity, the breasts often lose their shape and firmness and begin to sag. Breast lift, or mastopexy, is a surgical procedure to raise and reshape sagging breasts--at least, for a time. (No surgery can permanently delay the effects of gravity.) Mastopexy can also reduce the size of the areola, the darker skin surrounding the nipple. If your breasts are small or have lost volume--for example, after pregnancy--breast implants inserted in conjunction with mastopexy can increase both their firmness and their size. If you're considering a breast lift, this brochure will give you a basic understanding of the procedure--when it can help, how it's performed, and what results you can expect. It can't answer all of your questions, since a lot depends on your individual circumstances. Please be sure to ask your doctor if there is anything about the procedure you don't understand.
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Breast augmentation
Breast augmentation can enhance your appearance and your self-confidence, but it won't necessarily change your looks to match your ideal, or cause other people to treat you differently. Before you decide to have surgery, think carefully about your expectations and discuss them with your surgeon.
The best candidates for breast augmentation are women who are looking for improvement, not perfection, in the way they look. If you're physically healthy and realistic in your expectations, you may be a good candidate.
Types of Implants
The choice of implant filler, implant size, shape and other features will be determined based on your breast anatomy, body type and your desired increase in size. Your lifestyle, goals and personal preferences, as well your plastic surgeon's recommendations and sound surgical judgment are also determining factors. Implant manufacturers occasionally introduce new styles and types of implants, and therefore there may be additional options available to you.
Breast implants are medical devices with a solid silicone, rubber shell. The implant shell may be filled with either saline solution (sterile salt water) or elastic silicone gel. Both saline and silicone gel breast implants are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Approval means that an implant has been rigorously researched and tested, and reviewed by an independent panel of physicians for safety.
The size of a breast implant is measured in cubic centimetres (ccs) based on the volume of the saline or silicone filler. Breast implants vary both by filler and in size, but there are additional features to consider:
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The best candidates for breast augmentation are women who are looking for improvement, not perfection, in the way they look. If you're physically healthy and realistic in your expectations, you may be a good candidate.
Types of Implants
The choice of implant filler, implant size, shape and other features will be determined based on your breast anatomy, body type and your desired increase in size. Your lifestyle, goals and personal preferences, as well your plastic surgeon's recommendations and sound surgical judgment are also determining factors. Implant manufacturers occasionally introduce new styles and types of implants, and therefore there may be additional options available to you.
Breast implants are medical devices with a solid silicone, rubber shell. The implant shell may be filled with either saline solution (sterile salt water) or elastic silicone gel. Both saline and silicone gel breast implants are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Approval means that an implant has been rigorously researched and tested, and reviewed by an independent panel of physicians for safety.
The size of a breast implant is measured in cubic centimetres (ccs) based on the volume of the saline or silicone filler. Breast implants vary both by filler and in size, but there are additional features to consider:
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Breast Reconstruction
Tissue expansion is a procedure that enables the body to “grow” extra skin by stretching adjacent tissue. A balloon-like device called an expander is inserted under the skin where the breast was moved, and then gradually filled with salt water over time, causing the skin to stretch and grow. The time involved in tissue expansion depends on the individual case and the size of the area to be repaired. The advantages of tissue expansion are many-it offers a near-perfect match of skin color, sensation, and texture; the risk of tissue loss is decreased because the skin remains connected to its original blood and nerve supply; and scars are often less apparent than those in flaps or grafts. The expander temporarily creates what can be an unsightly bulge, making this option undesirable for some patients. Previous or future radiation therapy to the site of disease is a relative contraindication to tissue expansion and permanent implant placement. The majority of patients who undergo this type of breast reconstruction who also receive radiation therapy have an undesirable outcome, frequently resulting in removal of the implant. Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time. The reconstructed breast will likely differ in contour and feel to the natural breast.
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I had mastectomy and tissue expander put in 4 years ago, then had infection 3 months later and had the implant removed, then had a Becker implant put
The DIEP flap method of breast reconstruction can only be performed a single time, whether it is one breast or both. Therefore, if a single breast is reconstructed with a DIEP flap and the other breast needs to be reconstructed in the future, a different type of reconstruction will have to be utilized. There are other flaps that can be used such as the TUG flap or SGAP, as well as the Latissimus flap with an implant. The other option, which has become increasingly popular, is to have a prophylactic mastectomy on the other side in order to have both breasts reconstructed simultaneously with the DIEP flap.
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What are some questions a woman should ask a plastic surgeon, before deciding on this reconstruction procedure?
What are the alternatives to the DIEP flap? (Including alternative microsurgical and non-microsurgical techniques.) Whether DIEP flaps are a significant part of the surgeons practice? (Since success rates are directly related to a surgeons experience.) What happens if the flap fails? (The national reported flap failure rate ranges from 3%-1dependingding on the type of flap performed.) How many additional surgeries will be necessary in addition to the DIEP flap? (At least one or more surgeries will be necessary in order to fine tune the appearance, as well as reconstruct the nipples in the final stage.)
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A DIEP flap is called a "free" flap breast microsurgery procedure. What is a "free" flap and how does microsurgery facilitate the success of a DIEP fl
The term "free flap" refers to the technique that utilizes the transposition of tissues a significant anatomical distance requiring the complete separation of the tissues from the donor site in order to move them to the recipient site. Microsurgery refers to the re-connection of tiny blood vessels by hand sewing them together or using a coupler device under a microscope. Free Flap Microsurgery is vital in the success of the DIEP flap since the muscle is not used (such as in the TRAM flap), the tissue is based on tiny vessels and must be moved a significant distance.
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What would some of the drawbacks (or risks) of a DIEP be?
The DIEP flap is a significant surgery, in that it can be a lengthy procedure averaging 4-8 hours, depending on size of the breast, size of the patient, unilateral or bilateral reconstruction, and unforeseeable anatomical variations that can increase the technical difficulty of the surgery. The hospital stay is a minimum of 3 days and the recovery can be relatively difficult, taking 4-6 weeks to get back to normal. There is also a small but real chance that a blood transfusion will be necessary. Patients can donate their own blood in advance if time permits. There is also a sizable scar left on the abdomen, although similar to that left by a tummy tuck.
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Radiotherapy
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After mastectomy, radiotherapy is given to patients who are considered to be at risk of recurrence. Radiotherapy kills cells that are growing and has greater effects on cancer than on surrounding tissue.
After a few days of radiotherapy, the patient's skin may look red and feel a bit sore. Towards the end of treatment, there may also be some blistering of the skin.
After mastectomy, radiotherapy is given to patients who are considered to be at risk of recurrence. Radiotherapy kills cells that are growing and has greater effects on cancer than on surrounding tissue.
After a few days of radiotherapy, the patient's skin may look red and feel a bit sore. Towards the end of treatment, there may also be some blistering of the skin.
Chemotheraphy
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Chemotherapy involves being given a combination of anti-cancer medicines, often up to three at a time. It may be preferable for more advanced cancer that is not hormone responsive and for aggressive disease, particularly if the cancer has spread to other sites, such as the liver. It is sometimes administered prior to surgery in order to shrink a tumor.
Chemotherapy involves being given a combination of anti-cancer medicines, often up to three at a time. It may be preferable for more advanced cancer that is not hormone responsive and for aggressive disease, particularly if the cancer has spread to other sites, such as the liver. It is sometimes administered prior to surgery in order to shrink a tumor.
Surgery
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Surgery can be an excision of the tumor with surrounding normal breast tissue (breast conservation) or removal of the whole breast (mastectomy). Clinical trials comparing mastectomy and breast conservation have shown that the two produce identical results.
If the lump is relatively small it is usually possible for the surgeon to remove it along with a small amount of surrounding normal tissue. This is called lumpectomy, wide local excision or breast-conserving surgery.
With a larger lump, this breast-conserving operation may not be possible because so much of the breast tissue would have been taken away that it would badly distort the breast.
Once the lump and surrounding tissue is removed it needs to be examined under the microscope. In some women, the surrounding tissue is abnormal and a further operation is necessary.
Martes, Setyembre 14, 2010
Risk Factors
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Some risk factors, such as age, sex and family history, can't be changed, whereas others, including weight, smoking and a poor diet, are under your control.
But having one or even several risk factors doesn't necessarily mean you'll develop cancer — most women with breast cancer have no known risk factors other than simply being women. In fact, being female is the single greatest risk factor for breast cancer. Although men can develop the disease, it's far more common in women.
Other factors that may make you more susceptible to breast cancer include:
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Age
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A personal history of breast cancer
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Genetic predisposition
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Radiation exposure
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Excess weight in upper part of body
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Late menopause
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First pregnancy at older age
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Birth control pills
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Mammographic breast density
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Precancerous breast changes (atypical hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma)
Some risk factors, such as age, sex and family history, can't be changed, whereas others, including weight, smoking and a poor diet, are under your control.
But having one or even several risk factors doesn't necessarily mean you'll develop cancer — most women with breast cancer have no known risk factors other than simply being women. In fact, being female is the single greatest risk factor for breast cancer. Although men can develop the disease, it's far more common in women.
Other factors that may make you more susceptible to breast cancer include:
*
Age
*
A personal history of breast cancer
*
Genetic predisposition
*
Radiation exposure
*
Excess weight in upper part of body
*
Late menopause
*
First pregnancy at older age
*
Birth control pills
*
Mammographic breast density
*
Precancerous breast changes (atypical hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma)
DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction in Beverly Hills, California
DIEP breast reconstruction is an advanced technique in autologous (own tissue) transfer.
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Diep Breast Reconstruction
Over five hundred thousand breast cancer cases are diagnosed every year all over the world. One in nine women develops such kind of disease. When mastectomy, a surgical removal of all or part of the breast and sometimes associated lymph nodes and muscles, is a component of a patient’s medication, women may likewise reflect on having in need of attention, breast reconstruction.
As a woman, losing a breast is painful, physically and emotionally. It somewhat degrades her fundamental nature as a female, self- worth and sexuality, causing some trauma in her corporeal aspects also her sentiments. But with the transformation of the technological devices used by plastic micro-surgeons, rebuilding a lost breast of a patient’s recuperation, reinstating a wholeness experienced by many women, is possible.
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Diep Flap TUG Breast Reconstruction
Diep'>http://video.yahoo.com/watch/5563950/14613410">Diep Breast Reconstruction @ Yahoo! Video
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Immediate Reconstruction with Permanent Breast Implant
This method is similar to tissue expansion followed by implant placement, however, the expansion phase of the procedure is omitted. This technique only applies to those who have immediate reconstruction after a “Skin Sparing” mastectomy. A piece of Alloderm or similar material is used to help create a pocket under the chest muscle in order to accommodate the placement and positioning of the implant.
Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time. The reconstructed breast will likely differ in contour and feel to the natural breast.
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Symptoms
If a woman has any breast symptoms it is very important that she consult her doctor so that the cause of these symptoms can be found. If breast cancer is found at an early stage this improves the chances of recovery. As a rule, the doctor will ask her a number of questions: Does the lump vary in relation to her menstrual cycle? What previous breast problems has she had? Is there any breast cancer in her family? How many children has she had?
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Today's Technology is amazing!
I never lost faith and was determined to kill the cancer before it killed me. I have many scars on my back and on my chest, but I am not embarrassed of them. I do not look or feel deformed in any way. You would never know that I had a bilateral mastectomy or missing both my latissimus muscles unless I told you. I owe my life to Dr. Leif Rogers for giving me back the beauty and the confidence of being a woman. I no longer live in fear and I feel as if I was reborn--a new beginning. Again, I am grateful and I thank God for you. I can continue to enjoy my life with my daughter and granddaughter.
Symptoms
Most breast lumps aren't cancerous. Yet the most common sign of breast cancer for both men and women is a lump or thickening in the breast. Often, the lump is painless. Other potential signs of breast cancer include:
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A clear or bloody discharge from your nipple, often associated with a breast lump
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A change in the size or contours of your breast
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Any flattening or indentation of the skin over your breast
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Redness or pitting of the skin over your breast, like the skin of an orange
When breast cancer cells spread, the cancer cells are often found in lymph nodes near the breast. Also, breast cancer can spread to almost any other part of the body. The most common are the bones, liver, lungs, and brain. The new tumor has the same kind of abnormal cells and the same name as the primary tumor. For example, if breast cancer spreads to the bones, the cancer cells in the bones are actually breast cancer cells. The disease is metastatic breast cancer, not bone cancer. For that reason, it is treated as breast cancer, not bone cancer. Doctors call the new tumor "distant" or metastatic disease.
DIEP TRAM FLAP Breast Reconstruction
The Diep-breastreconstruction.com portal online. Within you will find recent and past patienttestimonials, as well as different breast reconstruction procedure updates and contactinformation.
Read more about Dr. Leif Liu Rogers, M.D., F.A.C.S.! Find out more about Breast Cancer and involvements. Take a look at Case Examples and Videos and Related Procedures. If you wish to contact us, take a look at the e-mail form.
TRAM Flap – Transverse Rectus Abdominus Myocutaneos Flap
The Transverse Rectus Abdominus Myocutaneos Flap uses the Rectus Muscle and an island of skin from the lower belly. This is a portion of the abdomen that normally is removed during a tummy tuck. This technique allows for breast reconstruction with only the patient’s own tissue, without the need for an implant. The TRAM flap is a reliable technique that has been around for a number of years, but does have it’s drawbacks. This technique requires the need to sacrifice one or both of the abdominal muscles, permanently weakening the abdominal wall and potentially increasing the risk of formation of a bulge or hernia in the area. This technique is still a viable and useful technique when other options are not available. Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time.
I Survived - I'm Alive - I Feel and Look Beautiful
October 2002, I survived a lumpectomy, 4 series of chemotherapy and 5 1/2 weeks of radiation (everyday). It was frightening and a struggle. In May 2005, I experienced a reoccurrence of breast cancer, but fortunately I was more educated in regards to breast cancer and realized the cancer was aggressive and had to make a smart decision. I refused to go through chemotherapy and radiation again and instructed my doctor to remove my breasts; stating that I am going to kill them first before they kill me.
On May 9, 2005, I underwent a bilateral mastectomy and a latissimus dorsi flap (left side) -- moves muscle and skin from your back when extra tissue is needed. The flap is made up of skin, fat, muscle and blood vessels. It is tunneled under the skin to the front of the chest. This creates a pocket for an implant. December 2006 was when I underwent a latissimus dorsi flap for the right side. I have had over 10 major surgeries since October 2002 (actually I lost count). My last surgery was November 2, 2008. It was quite a struggle, but I refused to give up, my daughter and granddaughter were by my side through the whole ordeal. Without their support, of course, it would have been a lot harder. I also had a lot of faith in my doctor, Dr. Leif Rogers. I am grateful to be alive and I feel beautiful.
Today’s technology is amazing! I never lost faith and was determined to kill the cancer before it killed me. I have many scars on my back and on my chest, but I am not embarrassed of them. I do not look or feel deformed in any way. You would never know that I had a bilateral mastectomy or missing both my latissimus muscles unless I told you. I owe my life to Dr. Leif Rogers for giving me back the beauty and the confidence of being a woman. I no longer live in fear and I feel as if I was reborn--a new beginning. Again, I am grateful and I thank God for you. I can continue to enjoy my life with my daughter and granddaughter.
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Nipple Reconstruction
Nipple Reconstruction
During a mastectomy, the nipple and areola (i.e. the pigmented area surrounding the nipple) are customarily removed. Therefore, nipple and areola reconstruction represents the final stage of a complete breast reconstruction. It should be noted that these procedures are completely optional. Some women may want only the shape of the breast to fill a bra and look natural in clothes.
Nipple and areola reconstruction is performed at a time when the surgeon and patient are both happy with the final shape and size of the reconstructed breast. Depending on the type of nipple and areola reconstruction performed, this may be done either in the operating room or as a "day surgery" procedure in the surgeon's office or minor procedures room. This procedure may be performed under local or general anaesthesia.
How is the procedure performed?
The nipple may be reconstructed by using a flap or a graft. Flaps are pieces of tissue that are moved from one location to another with their own blood supply intact. Grafts are pieces of tissue that are completely removed from their own blood supply and rely on the in-growth of a new blood supply at the new site.
Flap reconstructions have an advantage over graft reconstructions in that the bulk and projection of the nipple are generally more reliable. The main disadvantage of flap reconstructions is that new scars are left on the breast surrounding the new nipple location. Transplants, on the other hand, leave scars at distant locations.
In modern approaches to nipple reconstruction, the nipple mound is created from skin taken as a local flap on the reconstructed breast. Various local flaps have been described, including the Skate flap, the C-V flap and the Star flap. Regardless of which approach your surgeon chooses, the outcome will be a nipple mound. The areola can then be either tattooed, or it can be reconstructed with a skin graft taken from elsewhere on the body. Common donor sites for the graft include the abdominal scar from a flap reconstruction, the inner thigh, or the buttock crease.
"You would never know that I had a bilateral mastectomy or missing both my latissimus muscles unless I told you. I owe my life to Dr. Leif Rogers for
1. Will insurance cover the reconstruction?
All health insurance plans will cover breast reconstruction after breast cancer, however coverage offered by the various insurance companies and plans can vary greatly, depending on the specific plan and frequently, whether your doctor participates in the plan.
2. A DIEP flap is called a "free" flap breast microsurgery procedure. What is a "free" flap and how does microsurgery facilitate the success of a DIEP flap reconstruction?
A “free” flap denotes a specific technical aspect of the procedure, describing the complete disconnection of the tissue from the donor site and reattachment to the recipient site by reestablishing the blood supply to this tissue. Free flaps require the utilization of microsurgical techniques in order to reestablish the blood supply; the blood vessels in the flap are hand sewn to recipient vessels in the area being reconstructed.
3. How long after my Breast Reconstruction can I have Nipple Reconstruction done?
Nipple reconstruction is typically the final stage of breast reconstruction. This can happen as early as three months after the initial surgery, but frequently will not be performed for six months or more. The reconstructed breast must be fully healed, without residual swelling in order to accurately place the new nipple and areola with predictability.
4. Will my reconstructed nipple have feeling after the surgery?
The reconstructed nipple will not have normal sensation, and may be entirely insensate (numb). It is not an actual nipple, but simply an mound of skin created surgically to simulate the appearance of a nipple. Some patients do report some protective sensation months to years after the reconstruction of the nipple, but this is not typical.
5. What do I do if the color of my new nipple does not match the color of the other nipple?
Tattooing can be performed approximately a year after the nipple reconstruction. The color can change over the first year as healing continues. It is not wise to perform tattooing prior to stablization of the skin pigmentation.
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Leif Liu Rogers
FACS - American College of Surgeons
The American College of Surgeons is a scientific and educational association of surgeons that was founded in 1913 to improve the quality of care for the surgical patient by setting high standards for surgical education and practice.
Membership
Members of the American College of Surgeons are referred to as "Fellows." The letters FACS (Fellow, American College of Surgeons) after a surgeon's name mean that the surgeon's education and training, professional qualifications, surgical competence, and ethical conduct have passed a rigorous evaluation, and have been found to be consistent with the high standards established and demanded by the College.
There is also another category of membership known as "Associate Fellow." This category was established to provide an opportunity for surgeons who are beginning surgical practice and who meet specific requirements to assume an active role in the College at an early stage in their careers.
The College currently has over 70,000 members, including more than 4,000 Fellows in other countries, making it the largest organization of surgeons in the world. There are presently more than 2,600 Associate Fellows.
Diep Breast Reconstruction
Over five hundred thousand breast cancer cases are diagnosed every year all over the world. One in nine women develops such kind of disease. When mastectomy, a surgical removal of all or part of the breast and sometimes associated lymph nodes and muscles, is a component of a patient’s medication, women may likewise reflect on having in need of attention, breast reconstruction.
As a woman, losing a breast is painful, physically and emotionally. It somewhat degrades her fundamental nature as a female, self- worth and sexuality, causing some trauma in her corporeal aspects also her sentiments. But with the transformation of the technological devices used by plastic micro-surgeons, rebuilding a lost breast of a patient’s recuperation, reinstating a wholeness experienced by many women, is possible.
Diep-BreastReconstruction.com
The Diep-breastreconstruction.com portal online. Within you will find recent and past patient testimonials, as well as different breast reconstruction procedure updates and contact information. Read more about Dr. Leif Liu Rogers, M.D., F.A.C.S.! Find out more about Breast Cancer and involvements. Take a look at Case Examples and Videos and Related Procedures. If you wish to contact us, take a look at the e-mail form.
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Asian Peak Philippines: Traveling to Greater Heights.
Conceptualized and established to inspire people to know more of the wonderful places in our country, this maiden project from Red Brick Tower Creative Media Publishing aims to promote Philippine tourism to the rest of the world.
In the form of interesting stories, compelling photos, and a striking layout, Asian Peak is packaged as a bimonthly periodical that covers topics on travel, leisure, arts, culture, and the like.
Our magazine will be of essential value for those who have the passion for traveling, as well as to aid those who are unfamiliar with the beauteous travel spots available waiting to be treaded upon by tourists and locals alike.
Allow us to take you to greater heights.
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The Red Brick Tower Creative Media Publishing
Covering a broad spectrum of topics, our publications share the experiences of people, ranging from travel to information technology, from culture and the arts to a directory of hotspot locations in the Philippines.
The Red Brick Tower Creative Media Publishing (RBTCMP) is a modern and unique publishing company that focuses on providing magazines, books, brochures, ads, and the like for a wide group of audience.
We aim to come out with more specific reading materials you have not seen in the past to deliver useful information to our readers. The team is made up of an experienced group of professionals from a variety of disciplines. We strive to deliver an increasingly diverse portfolio so as to have a broader base from which to develop more publications.
Miyerkules, Setyembre 8, 2010
Breast Augmentation (Mammoplasty)
Shape: the implant may have a round profile or one that is anatomic (teardrop or tapered shape)
Profile: the implant may have a low, medium or high projection (the depth of the implant from the base to the highest point of the implant curve)
Diameter: the width of the implant measured across it's base (the side of the implant that will be positioned over the chest wall)
Adult women of any age can benefit greatly from the enhancement breast implants provide. It is usually recommended, however, that a woman's breasts are fully developed prior to placement of breast implants. Saline implants are FDA approved for augmentation in women 18 years of age and older. Silicone implants are FDA approved for augmentation in women age 22 and older. Saline or silicone implants may be recommended at a younger age if used for reconstruction purposes.
You should be aware that breast implants are not guaranteed to last a lifetime and future surgery may be required to replace one or both implants. Regular examinations for breast health and to evaluate the condition of your implants are important whether you have chosen saline or silicone breast implants
All Surgery Carries Some Uncertainty and Risk
Breast augmentation is relatively straightforward. But as with any operation, there are risks associated with surgery and specific complications associated with this procedure.
The most common problem, capsular contracture, occurs if the scar or capsule around the implant begins to tighten. This squeezing of the soft implant can cause the breast to feel hard. Capsular contracture can be treated in several ways, and sometimes requires either removal or "scoring" of the scar tissue, or perhaps removal or replacement of the implant.
As with any surgical procedure, excessive bleeding following the operation may cause some swelling and pain. If excessive bleeding continues, another operation may be needed to control the bleeding and remove the accumulated blood.
A small percentage of women develop an infection around an implant. This may occur at any time, but is most often seen within a week after surgery. In some cases, the implant may need to be removed for several months until the infection clears. A new implant can then be inserted.
Some women report that their nipples become oversensitive, under sensitive, or even numb. You may also notice small patches of numbness near your incisions. These symptoms usually disappear within time, but may be permanent in some patients.
Breast implants do not generally interfere with a woman's ability to breast feed, or present a health hazard during pregnancy to a woman or her baby. However, pregnancy and the associated changes to a woman's body may alter the results of any breast surgery, including surgery to place breast implants. Therefore, it is important to discuss the options of breast implant surgery with your plastic surgeon if you are interested in becoming pregnant and breast feeding in the future.
Occasionally, breast implants may break or leak. Rupture can occur as a result of injury or even from the normal compression and movement of your breast and implant, causing the man-made shell to leak.
If a saline-filled implant breaks, the implant will deflate in a few hours and the salt water will be absorbed and naturally expelled by the body.
If a silicone-gel filled implant leak or break, the elastic silicone gel may remain within the implant shell, or may escape into the breast implant pocket (a capsule of tissue that surrounds the implant). A leaking implant filled with silicone gel may not deflate and may not be noticeable except through imaging techniques such as an MRI. For this reason, a woman with silicone breast implants is advised to visit her plastic surgeon annually to assess that her implants are functioning well. An ultrasound exam or MRI screening can assess the condition of breast implants; after 3 years it is recommended that all silicone implants be properly screened.
Following the placement of breast implants mammography is technically more difficult. Obtaining the best possible results requires specialized techniques and additional views. You must be candid about your implants when undergoing any diagnostic breast exam. In many cases, an ultrasound exam or MRI may be recommended in addition to mammography.
While the majority of women do not experience these complications, you should discuss each of them with your physician to make sure you understand the risks and consequences of breast augmentation.
Profile: the implant may have a low, medium or high projection (the depth of the implant from the base to the highest point of the implant curve)
Diameter: the width of the implant measured across it's base (the side of the implant that will be positioned over the chest wall)
Adult women of any age can benefit greatly from the enhancement breast implants provide. It is usually recommended, however, that a woman's breasts are fully developed prior to placement of breast implants. Saline implants are FDA approved for augmentation in women 18 years of age and older. Silicone implants are FDA approved for augmentation in women age 22 and older. Saline or silicone implants may be recommended at a younger age if used for reconstruction purposes.
You should be aware that breast implants are not guaranteed to last a lifetime and future surgery may be required to replace one or both implants. Regular examinations for breast health and to evaluate the condition of your implants are important whether you have chosen saline or silicone breast implants
All Surgery Carries Some Uncertainty and Risk
Breast augmentation is relatively straightforward. But as with any operation, there are risks associated with surgery and specific complications associated with this procedure.
The most common problem, capsular contracture, occurs if the scar or capsule around the implant begins to tighten. This squeezing of the soft implant can cause the breast to feel hard. Capsular contracture can be treated in several ways, and sometimes requires either removal or "scoring" of the scar tissue, or perhaps removal or replacement of the implant.
As with any surgical procedure, excessive bleeding following the operation may cause some swelling and pain. If excessive bleeding continues, another operation may be needed to control the bleeding and remove the accumulated blood.
A small percentage of women develop an infection around an implant. This may occur at any time, but is most often seen within a week after surgery. In some cases, the implant may need to be removed for several months until the infection clears. A new implant can then be inserted.
Some women report that their nipples become oversensitive, under sensitive, or even numb. You may also notice small patches of numbness near your incisions. These symptoms usually disappear within time, but may be permanent in some patients.
Breast implants do not generally interfere with a woman's ability to breast feed, or present a health hazard during pregnancy to a woman or her baby. However, pregnancy and the associated changes to a woman's body may alter the results of any breast surgery, including surgery to place breast implants. Therefore, it is important to discuss the options of breast implant surgery with your plastic surgeon if you are interested in becoming pregnant and breast feeding in the future.
Occasionally, breast implants may break or leak. Rupture can occur as a result of injury or even from the normal compression and movement of your breast and implant, causing the man-made shell to leak.
If a saline-filled implant breaks, the implant will deflate in a few hours and the salt water will be absorbed and naturally expelled by the body.
If a silicone-gel filled implant leak or break, the elastic silicone gel may remain within the implant shell, or may escape into the breast implant pocket (a capsule of tissue that surrounds the implant). A leaking implant filled with silicone gel may not deflate and may not be noticeable except through imaging techniques such as an MRI. For this reason, a woman with silicone breast implants is advised to visit her plastic surgeon annually to assess that her implants are functioning well. An ultrasound exam or MRI screening can assess the condition of breast implants; after 3 years it is recommended that all silicone implants be properly screened.
Following the placement of breast implants mammography is technically more difficult. Obtaining the best possible results requires specialized techniques and additional views. You must be candid about your implants when undergoing any diagnostic breast exam. In many cases, an ultrasound exam or MRI may be recommended in addition to mammography.
While the majority of women do not experience these complications, you should discuss each of them with your physician to make sure you understand the risks and consequences of breast augmentation.
Breast Augmentation (Mammoplasty)
Breast augmentation, technically known as augmentation mammoplasty, is a surgical procedure to enhance the size and shape of a woman's breast for a number of reasons:
To enhance the body contour of a woman who, for personal reasons, feels her breast size is too small.
To restore breast volume lost due to weight loss or following pregnancy
To achieve better symmetry when breasts are moderately disproportionate in size and shape
To improve the shape of breasts that are sagging or have lost firmness, often used with a breast lift procedure
To provide the foundation of a breast contour when a breast has been removed or disfigured by surgery to treat breast cancer
To improve breast appearance or create the appearance of a breast that is missing or disfigured due to trauma, heredity, or congenital abnormalities
By inserting an implant behind each breast, surgeons are able to increase a woman's bust line by one or more bra cup sizes. If you're considering breast augmentation, this will give you a basic understanding of the procedure—when it can help, how it's performed, and what results you can expect. It can't answer all of your questions, since a lot depends on your individual circumstances. Please ask your surgeon if there is anything you don't understand about the procedure.
To enhance the body contour of a woman who, for personal reasons, feels her breast size is too small.
To restore breast volume lost due to weight loss or following pregnancy
To achieve better symmetry when breasts are moderately disproportionate in size and shape
To improve the shape of breasts that are sagging or have lost firmness, often used with a breast lift procedure
To provide the foundation of a breast contour when a breast has been removed or disfigured by surgery to treat breast cancer
To improve breast appearance or create the appearance of a breast that is missing or disfigured due to trauma, heredity, or congenital abnormalities
By inserting an implant behind each breast, surgeons are able to increase a woman's bust line by one or more bra cup sizes. If you're considering breast augmentation, this will give you a basic understanding of the procedure—when it can help, how it's performed, and what results you can expect. It can't answer all of your questions, since a lot depends on your individual circumstances. Please ask your surgeon if there is anything you don't understand about the procedure.
Preparing For Your Surgery
Your surgeon will give you instructions to prepare for surgery, including guidelines on eating and drinking, smoking, and taking or avoiding certain vitamins and medications. A mammogram may be recommended prior to your procedure to ensure breast health and serve as a baseline for future comparison.
In addition to explaining your surgical procedure, you plastic surgeon will discuss anaesthesia, the recovery process and your obligations as a patient. You will also discuss where your procedure will be performed. You will be asked to sign consent forms to ensure that you fully understand the procedure you will undergo and any risks and potential complications of your surgery. There may be a waiting period of several days to weeks from the time of your consent to the day of surgery.
While making preparations, be sure to arrange for someone to drive you home after your surgery and to help you out for a few days.
In addition to explaining your surgical procedure, you plastic surgeon will discuss anaesthesia, the recovery process and your obligations as a patient. You will also discuss where your procedure will be performed. You will be asked to sign consent forms to ensure that you fully understand the procedure you will undergo and any risks and potential complications of your surgery. There may be a waiting period of several days to weeks from the time of your consent to the day of surgery.
While making preparations, be sure to arrange for someone to drive you home after your surgery and to help you out for a few days.
Planning Your Surgery
In your initial consultation, your surgeon will evaluate your health and explain which surgical techniques are most appropriate for you, based on the condition of your breasts and skin tone. If your breasts are sagging, your doctor may also recommend a breast lift.
Be sure to discuss your expectations frankly with your surgeon. He or she should be equally frank with you, describing your alternatives and the risks and limitations of each. You may want to ask your surgeon for a copy of the manufacturer's insert that comes with the implant he or she will use—just so you are fully informed about it. And, be sure to tell your surgeon if you smoke, and if you're taking any medications, vitamins, or other drugs.
Your surgeon should also explain the type of anaesthesia to be used, the type of facility where the surgery will be performed, and the costs involved. Because most insurance companies do not consider breast augmentation to be medically necessary, carriers generally do not cover the cost of this procedure.
Be sure to discuss your expectations frankly with your surgeon. He or she should be equally frank with you, describing your alternatives and the risks and limitations of each. You may want to ask your surgeon for a copy of the manufacturer's insert that comes with the implant he or she will use—just so you are fully informed about it. And, be sure to tell your surgeon if you smoke, and if you're taking any medications, vitamins, or other drugs.
Your surgeon should also explain the type of anaesthesia to be used, the type of facility where the surgery will be performed, and the costs involved. Because most insurance companies do not consider breast augmentation to be medically necessary, carriers generally do not cover the cost of this procedure.
The Best Candidates For Breast Augmentation
Breast augmentation can enhance your appearance and your self-confidence, but it won't necessarily change your looks to match your ideal, or cause other people to treat you differently. Before you decide to have surgery, think carefully about your expectations and discuss them with your surgeon.
The best candidates for breast augmentation are women who are looking for improvement, not perfection, in the way they look. If you're physically healthy and realistic in your expectations, you may be a good candidate.
Types of Implants
The choice of implant filler, implant size, shape and other features will be determined based on your breast anatomy, body type and your desired increase in size. Your lifestyle, goals and personal preferences, as well your plastic surgeon's recommendations and sound surgical judgment are also determining factors. Implant manufacturers occasionally introduce new styles and types of implants, and therefore there may be additional options available to you.
Breast implants are medical devices with a solid silicone, rubber shell. The implant shell may be filled with either saline solution (sterile salt water) or elastic silicone gel. Both saline and silicone gel breast implants are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Approval means that an implant has been rigorously researched and tested, and reviewed by an independent panel of physicians for safety.
The size of a breast implant is measured in cubic centimetres (ccs) based on the volume of the saline or silicone filler.
What is Abdominoplasty?
Many people have problems keeping their tummy area in shape. Some have tried dieting and exercise yet still do not get the results they want to have. Abdominoplasty might just be the solution for such concerns.
Commonly known as a Tummy Tuck, Abdominoplasty involves the surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are removed, resulting to a firm and smooth abdomen. The procedure entails the removal of excess abdominal skin, reduction of fat below the skin, and if necessary, tightening of the muscles of the abdominal wall.
Most people who undergo this treatment are those who have gone through pregnancies. Sometimes the old unsightly scars from a C-section, appendectomy, and stretch marks can be removed as well. A Tummy Tuck results to a more youthful, firmer, and flatter abdominal contour.
However, do take note that Abdominoplasty is not a substitute for weight loss. We highly recommend weight management programs for patients to maintain their weight and keep the body in its new shape.
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IGAP Flap – Inferior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap
The IGAP flap, or the Inferior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap is a variation of the SGAP flap. The procedure is virtually identical aside from the use of the inferior gluteal artery versus the superior gluteal artery. The physical difference to the patient is a donor scar lower on the buttock versus higher on the buttock. Which of these two procedures is most appropriate usually is determined by each patients individual anatomy.
Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time.
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SGAP Flap - Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap
The SGAP Flap, or the Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator flap (buttocks), is ideal for those who do not have an adequate amount of excess abdominal tissue. The breast may be reconstructed with the skin, fat and the tiny blood vessels taken from the gluteal area.
Most women have enough excess tissue in this area to achieve a B or C cup breast size. The SGAP flap procedure is performed by using the tissue from the top part of the buttock without injury to the underlying gluteal muscles. A slight buttock lift results in the donor area with a fine line incision easily hidden within the panty line. The tissue is then transplanted to the breast and a microscope is used to connect the blood vessels supplying this tissue to those at the mastectomy site. The tissue is then sculpted into the new breast mound.
Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time.
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Most women have enough excess tissue in this area to achieve a B or C cup breast size. The SGAP flap procedure is performed by using the tissue from the top part of the buttock without injury to the underlying gluteal muscles. A slight buttock lift results in the donor area with a fine line incision easily hidden within the panty line. The tissue is then transplanted to the breast and a microscope is used to connect the blood vessels supplying this tissue to those at the mastectomy site. The tissue is then sculpted into the new breast mound.
Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time.
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Endoscopic Latissimus Dorsi Flap
The Endoscopic Latissimus Dorsi Flap is similar to the traditional Latissimus Dorsi flap with several exceptions. The Endoscopice Latissimus Dorsi flap technique allows for the harvests the muscle without overlying skin or fat, and can be performed through a small incision in the underarm area. This procedure is suitably for patients who may have had radiation therapy and adequate skin, but are not candidates for tissues expansions or permanent implants alone.
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Breastlift (Mastopexy)
Over the years, factors such as pregnancy, nursing, and the force of gravity take their toll on a woman's breasts. As the skin loses its elasticity, the breasts often lose their shape and firmness and begin to sag. Breast lift, or mastopexy, is a surgical procedure to raise and reshape sagging breasts--at least, for a time. (No surgery can permanently delay the effects of gravity.) Mastopexy can also reduce the size of the areola, the darker skin surrounding the nipple. If your breasts are small or have lost volume--for example, after pregnancy--breast implants inserted in conjunction with mastopexy can increase both their firmness and their size. If you're considering a breast lift, this brochure will give you a basic understanding of the procedure--when it can help, how it's performed, and what results you can expect. It can't answer all of your questions, since a lot depends on your individual circumstances. Please be sure to ask your doctor if there is anything about the procedure you don't understand.
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Breast augmentation
Breast augmentation can enhance your appearance and your self-confidence, but it won't necessarily change your looks to match your ideal, or cause other people to treat you differently. Before you decide to have surgery, think carefully about your expectations and discuss them with your surgeon.
The best candidates for breast augmentation are women who are looking for improvement, not perfection, in the way they look. If you're physically healthy and realistic in your expectations, you may be a good candidate.
Types of Implants
The choice of implant filler, implant size, shape and other features will be determined based on your breast anatomy, body type and your desired increase in size. Your lifestyle, goals and personal preferences, as well your plastic surgeon's recommendations and sound surgical judgment are also determining factors. Implant manufacturers occasionally introduce new styles and types of implants, and therefore there may be additional options available to you.
Breast implants are medical devices with a solid silicone, rubber shell. The implant shell may be filled with either saline solution (sterile salt water) or elastic silicone gel. Both saline and silicone gel breast implants are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Approval means that an implant has been rigorously researched and tested, and reviewed by an independent panel of physicians for safety.
The size of a breast implant is measured in cubic centimetres (ccs) based on the volume of the saline or silicone filler. Breast implants vary both by filler and in size, but there are additional features to consider:
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The best candidates for breast augmentation are women who are looking for improvement, not perfection, in the way they look. If you're physically healthy and realistic in your expectations, you may be a good candidate.
Types of Implants
The choice of implant filler, implant size, shape and other features will be determined based on your breast anatomy, body type and your desired increase in size. Your lifestyle, goals and personal preferences, as well your plastic surgeon's recommendations and sound surgical judgment are also determining factors. Implant manufacturers occasionally introduce new styles and types of implants, and therefore there may be additional options available to you.
Breast implants are medical devices with a solid silicone, rubber shell. The implant shell may be filled with either saline solution (sterile salt water) or elastic silicone gel. Both saline and silicone gel breast implants are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Approval means that an implant has been rigorously researched and tested, and reviewed by an independent panel of physicians for safety.
The size of a breast implant is measured in cubic centimetres (ccs) based on the volume of the saline or silicone filler. Breast implants vary both by filler and in size, but there are additional features to consider:
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Breast Reconstruction
Tissue expansion is a procedure that enables the body to “grow” extra skin by stretching adjacent tissue. A balloon-like device called an expander is inserted under the skin where the breast was moved, and then gradually filled with salt water over time, causing the skin to stretch and grow. The time involved in tissue expansion depends on the individual case and the size of the area to be repaired. The advantages of tissue expansion are many-it offers a near-perfect match of skin color, sensation, and texture; the risk of tissue loss is decreased because the skin remains connected to its original blood and nerve supply; and scars are often less apparent than those in flaps or grafts. The expander temporarily creates what can be an unsightly bulge, making this option undesirable for some patients. Previous or future radiation therapy to the site of disease is a relative contraindication to tissue expansion and permanent implant placement. The majority of patients who undergo this type of breast reconstruction who also receive radiation therapy have an undesirable outcome, frequently resulting in removal of the implant. Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time. The reconstructed breast will likely differ in contour and feel to the natural breast.
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I had mastectomy and tissue expander put in 4 years ago, then had infection 3 months later and had the implant removed, then had a Becker implant put
The DIEP flap method of breast reconstruction can only be performed a single time, whether it is one breast or both. Therefore, if a single breast is reconstructed with a DIEP flap and the other breast needs to be reconstructed in the future, a different type of reconstruction will have to be utilized. There are other flaps that can be used such as the TUG flap or SGAP, as well as the Latissimus flap with an implant. The other option, which has become increasingly popular, is to have a prophylactic mastectomy on the other side in order to have both breasts reconstructed simultaneously with the DIEP flap.
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What are some questions a woman should ask a plastic surgeon, before deciding on this reconstruction procedure?
What are the alternatives to the DIEP flap? (Including alternative microsurgical and non-microsurgical techniques.) Whether DIEP flaps are a significant part of the surgeons practice? (Since success rates are directly related to a surgeons experience.) What happens if the flap fails? (The national reported flap failure rate ranges from 3%-1dependingding on the type of flap performed.) How many additional surgeries will be necessary in addition to the DIEP flap? (At least one or more surgeries will be necessary in order to fine tune the appearance, as well as reconstruct the nipples in the final stage.)
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A DIEP flap is called a "free" flap breast microsurgery procedure. What is a "free" flap and how does microsurgery facilitate the success of a DIEP fl
The term "free flap" refers to the technique that utilizes the transposition of tissues a significant anatomical distance requiring the complete separation of the tissues from the donor site in order to move them to the recipient site. Microsurgery refers to the re-connection of tiny blood vessels by hand sewing them together or using a coupler device under a microscope. Free Flap Microsurgery is vital in the success of the DIEP flap since the muscle is not used (such as in the TRAM flap), the tissue is based on tiny vessels and must be moved a significant distance.
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What would some of the drawbacks (or risks) of a DIEP be?
The DIEP flap is a significant surgery, in that it can be a lengthy procedure averaging 4-8 hours, depending on size of the breast, size of the patient, unilateral or bilateral reconstruction, and unforeseeable anatomical variations that can increase the technical difficulty of the surgery. The hospital stay is a minimum of 3 days and the recovery can be relatively difficult, taking 4-6 weeks to get back to normal. There is also a small but real chance that a blood transfusion will be necessary. Patients can donate their own blood in advance if time permits. There is also a sizable scar left on the abdomen, although similar to that left by a tummy tuck.
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Radiotherapy
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After mastectomy, radiotherapy is given to patients who are considered to be at risk of recurrence. Radiotherapy kills cells that are growing and has greater effects on cancer than on surrounding tissue.
After a few days of radiotherapy, the patient's skin may look red and feel a bit sore. Towards the end of treatment, there may also be some blistering of the skin.
After mastectomy, radiotherapy is given to patients who are considered to be at risk of recurrence. Radiotherapy kills cells that are growing and has greater effects on cancer than on surrounding tissue.
After a few days of radiotherapy, the patient's skin may look red and feel a bit sore. Towards the end of treatment, there may also be some blistering of the skin.
Chemotheraphy
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Chemotherapy involves being given a combination of anti-cancer medicines, often up to three at a time. It may be preferable for more advanced cancer that is not hormone responsive and for aggressive disease, particularly if the cancer has spread to other sites, such as the liver. It is sometimes administered prior to surgery in order to shrink a tumor.
Chemotherapy involves being given a combination of anti-cancer medicines, often up to three at a time. It may be preferable for more advanced cancer that is not hormone responsive and for aggressive disease, particularly if the cancer has spread to other sites, such as the liver. It is sometimes administered prior to surgery in order to shrink a tumor.
Surgery
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Surgery can be an excision of the tumor with surrounding normal breast tissue (breast conservation) or removal of the whole breast (mastectomy). Clinical trials comparing mastectomy and breast conservation have shown that the two produce identical results.
If the lump is relatively small it is usually possible for the surgeon to remove it along with a small amount of surrounding normal tissue. This is called lumpectomy, wide local excision or breast-conserving surgery.
With a larger lump, this breast-conserving operation may not be possible because so much of the breast tissue would have been taken away that it would badly distort the breast.
Once the lump and surrounding tissue is removed it needs to be examined under the microscope. In some women, the surrounding tissue is abnormal and a further operation is necessary.
Surgery can be an excision of the tumor with surrounding normal breast tissue (breast conservation) or removal of the whole breast (mastectomy). Clinical trials comparing mastectomy and breast conservation have shown that the two produce identical results.
If the lump is relatively small it is usually possible for the surgeon to remove it along with a small amount of surrounding normal tissue. This is called lumpectomy, wide local excision or breast-conserving surgery.
With a larger lump, this breast-conserving operation may not be possible because so much of the breast tissue would have been taken away that it would badly distort the breast.
Once the lump and surrounding tissue is removed it needs to be examined under the microscope. In some women, the surrounding tissue is abnormal and a further operation is necessary.
Risk Factors
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Some risk factors, such as age, sex and family history, can't be changed, whereas others, including weight, smoking and a poor diet, are under your control.
But having one or even several risk factors doesn't necessarily mean you'll develop cancer — most women with breast cancer have no known risk factors other than simply being women. In fact, being female is the single greatest risk factor for breast cancer. Although men can develop the disease, it's far more common in women.
Other factors that may make you more susceptible to breast cancer include:
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Age
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A personal history of breast cancer
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Genetic predisposition
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Radiation exposure
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Excess weight in upper part of body
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Late menopause
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First pregnancy at older age
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Birth control pills
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Mammographic breast density
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Precancerous breast changes (atypical hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma)
DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction in Beverly Hills, California
DIEP breast reconstruction is an advanced technique in autologous (own tissue) transfer.
http://video.yahoo.com/watch/5563950/14613410
http://www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
http://www.leifrogersmd.com
Diep Breast Reconstruction
Over five hundred thousand breast cancer cases are diagnosed every year all over the world. One in nine women develops such kind of disease. When mastectomy, a surgical removal of all or part of the breast and sometimes associated lymph nodes and muscles, is a component of a patient’s medication, women may likewise reflect on having in need of attention, breast reconstruction.
As a woman, losing a breast is painful, physically and emotionally. It somewhat degrades her fundamental nature as a female, self- worth and sexuality, causing some trauma in her corporeal aspects also her sentiments. But with the transformation of the technological devices used by plastic micro-surgeons, rebuilding a lost breast of a patient’s recuperation, reinstating a wholeness experienced by many women, is possible.
http://video.yahoo.com/watch/5563950/14613410
http://www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
http://www.leifrogersmd.com
As a woman, losing a breast is painful, physically and emotionally. It somewhat degrades her fundamental nature as a female, self- worth and sexuality, causing some trauma in her corporeal aspects also her sentiments. But with the transformation of the technological devices used by plastic micro-surgeons, rebuilding a lost breast of a patient’s recuperation, reinstating a wholeness experienced by many women, is possible.
http://video.yahoo.com/watch/5563950/14613410
http://www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
http://www.leifrogersmd.com
Diep Flap TUG Breast Reconstruction
Diep'>http://video.yahoo.com/watch/5563950/14613410">Diep Breast Reconstruction @ Yahoo! Video
http://video.yahoo.com/watch/5563950/14613410
http://www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
http://www.leifrogersmd.com
http://video.yahoo.com/watch/5563950/14613410
http://www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
http://www.leifrogersmd.com
Immediate Reconstruction with Permanent Breast Implant
This method is similar to tissue expansion followed by implant placement, however, the expansion phase of the procedure is omitted. This technique only applies to those who have immediate reconstruction after a “Skin Sparing” mastectomy. A piece of Alloderm or similar material is used to help create a pocket under the chest muscle in order to accommodate the placement and positioning of the implant.
Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time. The reconstructed breast will likely differ in contour and feel to the natural breast.
Visit us at www.leifrogersmd.com and www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time. The reconstructed breast will likely differ in contour and feel to the natural breast.
Visit us at www.leifrogersmd.com and www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
Symptoms
If a woman has any breast symptoms it is very important that she consult her doctor so that the cause of these symptoms can be found. If breast cancer is found at an early stage this improves the chances of recovery. As a rule, the doctor will ask her a number of questions: Does the lump vary in relation to her menstrual cycle? What previous breast problems has she had? Is there any breast cancer in her family? How many children has she had?
Visit us at www.leifrogersmd.com and www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
Visit us at www.leifrogersmd.com and www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
Today's Technology is amazing!
I never lost faith and was determined to kill the cancer before it killed me. I have many scars on my back and on my chest, but I am not embarrassed of them. I do not look or feel deformed in any way. You would never know that I had a bilateral mastectomy or missing both my latissimus muscles unless I told you. I owe my life to Dr. Leif Rogers for giving me back the beauty and the confidence of being a woman. I no longer live in fear and I feel as if I was reborn--a new beginning. Again, I am grateful and I thank God for you. I can continue to enjoy my life with my daughter and granddaughter.
Symptoms
Most breast lumps aren't cancerous. Yet the most common sign of breast cancer for both men and women is a lump or thickening in the breast. Often, the lump is painless. Other potential signs of breast cancer include:
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A clear or bloody discharge from your nipple, often associated with a breast lump
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A change in the size or contours of your breast
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Any flattening or indentation of the skin over your breast
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Redness or pitting of the skin over your breast, like the skin of an orange
When breast cancer cells spread, the cancer cells are often found in lymph nodes near the breast. Also, breast cancer can spread to almost any other part of the body. The most common are the bones, liver, lungs, and brain. The new tumor has the same kind of abnormal cells and the same name as the primary tumor. For example, if breast cancer spreads to the bones, the cancer cells in the bones are actually breast cancer cells. The disease is metastatic breast cancer, not bone cancer. For that reason, it is treated as breast cancer, not bone cancer. Doctors call the new tumor "distant" or metastatic disease.
DIEP TRAM FLAP Breast Reconstruction
The Diep-breastreconstruction.com portal online. Within you will find recent and past patienttestimonials, as well as different breast reconstruction procedure updates and contactinformation.
Read more about Dr. Leif Liu Rogers, M.D., F.A.C.S.! Find out more about Breast Cancer and involvements. Take a look at Case Examples and Videos and Related Procedures. If you wish to contact us, take a look at the e-mail form.
TRAM Flap – Transverse Rectus Abdominus Myocutaneos Flap
The Transverse Rectus Abdominus Myocutaneos Flap uses the Rectus Muscle and an island of skin from the lower belly. This is a portion of the abdomen that normally is removed during a tummy tuck. This technique allows for breast reconstruction with only the patient’s own tissue, without the need for an implant. The TRAM flap is a reliable technique that has been around for a number of years, but does have it’s drawbacks. This technique requires the need to sacrifice one or both of the abdominal muscles, permanently weakening the abdominal wall and potentially increasing the risk of formation of a bulge or hernia in the area. This technique is still a viable and useful technique when other options are not available. Restoration of the nipple and areola follow. Scars fade substantially with time.
I Survived - I'm Alive - I Feel and Look Beautiful
October 2002, I survived a lumpectomy, 4 series of chemotherapy and 5 1/2 weeks of radiation (everyday). It was frightening and a struggle. In May 2005, I experienced a reoccurrence of breast cancer, but fortunately I was more educated in regards to breast cancer and realized the cancer was aggressive and had to make a smart decision. I refused to go through chemotherapy and radiation again and instructed my doctor to remove my breasts; stating that I am going to kill them first before they kill me.
On May 9, 2005, I underwent a bilateral mastectomy and a latissimus dorsi flap (left side) -- moves muscle and skin from your back when extra tissue is needed. The flap is made up of skin, fat, muscle and blood vessels. It is tunneled under the skin to the front of the chest. This creates a pocket for an implant. December 2006 was when I underwent a latissimus dorsi flap for the right side. I have had over 10 major surgeries since October 2002 (actually I lost count). My last surgery was November 2, 2008. It was quite a struggle, but I refused to give up, my daughter and granddaughter were by my side through the whole ordeal. Without their support, of course, it would have been a lot harder. I also had a lot of faith in my doctor, Dr. Leif Rogers. I am grateful to be alive and I feel beautiful.
Today’s technology is amazing! I never lost faith and was determined to kill the cancer before it killed me. I have many scars on my back and on my chest, but I am not embarrassed of them. I do not look or feel deformed in any way. You would never know that I had a bilateral mastectomy or missing both my latissimus muscles unless I told you. I owe my life to Dr. Leif Rogers for giving me back the beauty and the confidence of being a woman. I no longer live in fear and I feel as if I was reborn--a new beginning. Again, I am grateful and I thank God for you. I can continue to enjoy my life with my daughter and granddaughter.
Visit: www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
On May 9, 2005, I underwent a bilateral mastectomy and a latissimus dorsi flap (left side) -- moves muscle and skin from your back when extra tissue is needed. The flap is made up of skin, fat, muscle and blood vessels. It is tunneled under the skin to the front of the chest. This creates a pocket for an implant. December 2006 was when I underwent a latissimus dorsi flap for the right side. I have had over 10 major surgeries since October 2002 (actually I lost count). My last surgery was November 2, 2008. It was quite a struggle, but I refused to give up, my daughter and granddaughter were by my side through the whole ordeal. Without their support, of course, it would have been a lot harder. I also had a lot of faith in my doctor, Dr. Leif Rogers. I am grateful to be alive and I feel beautiful.
Today’s technology is amazing! I never lost faith and was determined to kill the cancer before it killed me. I have many scars on my back and on my chest, but I am not embarrassed of them. I do not look or feel deformed in any way. You would never know that I had a bilateral mastectomy or missing both my latissimus muscles unless I told you. I owe my life to Dr. Leif Rogers for giving me back the beauty and the confidence of being a woman. I no longer live in fear and I feel as if I was reborn--a new beginning. Again, I am grateful and I thank God for you. I can continue to enjoy my life with my daughter and granddaughter.
Visit: www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
Nipple Reconstruction
Nipple Reconstruction
During a mastectomy, the nipple and areola (i.e. the pigmented area surrounding the nipple) are customarily removed. Therefore, nipple and areola reconstruction represents the final stage of a complete breast reconstruction. It should be noted that these procedures are completely optional. Some women may want only the shape of the breast to fill a bra and look natural in clothes.
Nipple and areola reconstruction is performed at a time when the surgeon and patient are both happy with the final shape and size of the reconstructed breast. Depending on the type of nipple and areola reconstruction performed, this may be done either in the operating room or as a "day surgery" procedure in the surgeon's office or minor procedures room. This procedure may be performed under local or general anaesthesia.
How is the procedure performed?
The nipple may be reconstructed by using a flap or a graft. Flaps are pieces of tissue that are moved from one location to another with their own blood supply intact. Grafts are pieces of tissue that are completely removed from their own blood supply and rely on the in-growth of a new blood supply at the new site.
Flap reconstructions have an advantage over graft reconstructions in that the bulk and projection of the nipple are generally more reliable. The main disadvantage of flap reconstructions is that new scars are left on the breast surrounding the new nipple location. Transplants, on the other hand, leave scars at distant locations.
In modern approaches to nipple reconstruction, the nipple mound is created from skin taken as a local flap on the reconstructed breast. Various local flaps have been described, including the Skate flap, the C-V flap and the Star flap. Regardless of which approach your surgeon chooses, the outcome will be a nipple mound. The areola can then be either tattooed, or it can be reconstructed with a skin graft taken from elsewhere on the body. Common donor sites for the graft include the abdominal scar from a flap reconstruction, the inner thigh, or the buttock crease.
During a mastectomy, the nipple and areola (i.e. the pigmented area surrounding the nipple) are customarily removed. Therefore, nipple and areola reconstruction represents the final stage of a complete breast reconstruction. It should be noted that these procedures are completely optional. Some women may want only the shape of the breast to fill a bra and look natural in clothes.
Nipple and areola reconstruction is performed at a time when the surgeon and patient are both happy with the final shape and size of the reconstructed breast. Depending on the type of nipple and areola reconstruction performed, this may be done either in the operating room or as a "day surgery" procedure in the surgeon's office or minor procedures room. This procedure may be performed under local or general anaesthesia.
How is the procedure performed?
The nipple may be reconstructed by using a flap or a graft. Flaps are pieces of tissue that are moved from one location to another with their own blood supply intact. Grafts are pieces of tissue that are completely removed from their own blood supply and rely on the in-growth of a new blood supply at the new site.
Flap reconstructions have an advantage over graft reconstructions in that the bulk and projection of the nipple are generally more reliable. The main disadvantage of flap reconstructions is that new scars are left on the breast surrounding the new nipple location. Transplants, on the other hand, leave scars at distant locations.
In modern approaches to nipple reconstruction, the nipple mound is created from skin taken as a local flap on the reconstructed breast. Various local flaps have been described, including the Skate flap, the C-V flap and the Star flap. Regardless of which approach your surgeon chooses, the outcome will be a nipple mound. The areola can then be either tattooed, or it can be reconstructed with a skin graft taken from elsewhere on the body. Common donor sites for the graft include the abdominal scar from a flap reconstruction, the inner thigh, or the buttock crease.
"You would never know that I had a bilateral mastectomy or missing both my latissimus muscles unless I told you. I owe my life to Dr. Leif Rogers for
1. Will insurance cover the reconstruction?
All health insurance plans will cover breast reconstruction after breast cancer, however coverage offered by the various insurance companies and plans can vary greatly, depending on the specific plan and frequently, whether your doctor participates in the plan.
2. A DIEP flap is called a "free" flap breast microsurgery procedure. What is a "free" flap and how does microsurgery facilitate the success of a DIEP flap reconstruction?
A “free” flap denotes a specific technical aspect of the procedure, describing the complete disconnection of the tissue from the donor site and reattachment to the recipient site by reestablishing the blood supply to this tissue. Free flaps require the utilization of microsurgical techniques in order to reestablish the blood supply; the blood vessels in the flap are hand sewn to recipient vessels in the area being reconstructed.
3. How long after my Breast Reconstruction can I have Nipple Reconstruction done?
Nipple reconstruction is typically the final stage of breast reconstruction. This can happen as early as three months after the initial surgery, but frequently will not be performed for six months or more. The reconstructed breast must be fully healed, without residual swelling in order to accurately place the new nipple and areola with predictability.
4. Will my reconstructed nipple have feeling after the surgery?
The reconstructed nipple will not have normal sensation, and may be entirely insensate (numb). It is not an actual nipple, but simply an mound of skin created surgically to simulate the appearance of a nipple. Some patients do report some protective sensation months to years after the reconstruction of the nipple, but this is not typical.
5. What do I do if the color of my new nipple does not match the color of the other nipple?
Tattooing can be performed approximately a year after the nipple reconstruction. The color can change over the first year as healing continues. It is not wise to perform tattooing prior to stablization of the skin pigmentation.
More Questions and Answers, visit http://www.diep-breastreconstruction.com and http://www.leifrogersmd.com
All health insurance plans will cover breast reconstruction after breast cancer, however coverage offered by the various insurance companies and plans can vary greatly, depending on the specific plan and frequently, whether your doctor participates in the plan.
2. A DIEP flap is called a "free" flap breast microsurgery procedure. What is a "free" flap and how does microsurgery facilitate the success of a DIEP flap reconstruction?
A “free” flap denotes a specific technical aspect of the procedure, describing the complete disconnection of the tissue from the donor site and reattachment to the recipient site by reestablishing the blood supply to this tissue. Free flaps require the utilization of microsurgical techniques in order to reestablish the blood supply; the blood vessels in the flap are hand sewn to recipient vessels in the area being reconstructed.
3. How long after my Breast Reconstruction can I have Nipple Reconstruction done?
Nipple reconstruction is typically the final stage of breast reconstruction. This can happen as early as three months after the initial surgery, but frequently will not be performed for six months or more. The reconstructed breast must be fully healed, without residual swelling in order to accurately place the new nipple and areola with predictability.
4. Will my reconstructed nipple have feeling after the surgery?
The reconstructed nipple will not have normal sensation, and may be entirely insensate (numb). It is not an actual nipple, but simply an mound of skin created surgically to simulate the appearance of a nipple. Some patients do report some protective sensation months to years after the reconstruction of the nipple, but this is not typical.
5. What do I do if the color of my new nipple does not match the color of the other nipple?
Tattooing can be performed approximately a year after the nipple reconstruction. The color can change over the first year as healing continues. It is not wise to perform tattooing prior to stablization of the skin pigmentation.
More Questions and Answers, visit http://www.diep-breastreconstruction.com and http://www.leifrogersmd.com
Leif Liu Rogers
FACS - American College of Surgeons
The American College of Surgeons is a scientific and educational association of surgeons that was founded in 1913 to improve the quality of care for the surgical patient by setting high standards for surgical education and practice.
Membership
Members of the American College of Surgeons are referred to as "Fellows." The letters FACS (Fellow, American College of Surgeons) after a surgeon's name mean that the surgeon's education and training, professional qualifications, surgical competence, and ethical conduct have passed a rigorous evaluation, and have been found to be consistent with the high standards established and demanded by the College.
There is also another category of membership known as "Associate Fellow." This category was established to provide an opportunity for surgeons who are beginning surgical practice and who meet specific requirements to assume an active role in the College at an early stage in their careers.
The College currently has over 70,000 members, including more than 4,000 Fellows in other countries, making it the largest organization of surgeons in the world. There are presently more than 2,600 Associate Fellows.
The American College of Surgeons is a scientific and educational association of surgeons that was founded in 1913 to improve the quality of care for the surgical patient by setting high standards for surgical education and practice.
Membership
Members of the American College of Surgeons are referred to as "Fellows." The letters FACS (Fellow, American College of Surgeons) after a surgeon's name mean that the surgeon's education and training, professional qualifications, surgical competence, and ethical conduct have passed a rigorous evaluation, and have been found to be consistent with the high standards established and demanded by the College.
There is also another category of membership known as "Associate Fellow." This category was established to provide an opportunity for surgeons who are beginning surgical practice and who meet specific requirements to assume an active role in the College at an early stage in their careers.
The College currently has over 70,000 members, including more than 4,000 Fellows in other countries, making it the largest organization of surgeons in the world. There are presently more than 2,600 Associate Fellows.
Diep Breast Reconstruction
Over five hundred thousand breast cancer cases are diagnosed every year all over the world. One in nine women develops such kind of disease. When mastectomy, a surgical removal of all or part of the breast and sometimes associated lymph nodes and muscles, is a component of a patient’s medication, women may likewise reflect on having in need of attention, breast reconstruction.
As a woman, losing a breast is painful, physically and emotionally. It somewhat degrades her fundamental nature as a female, self- worth and sexuality, causing some trauma in her corporeal aspects also her sentiments. But with the transformation of the technological devices used by plastic micro-surgeons, rebuilding a lost breast of a patient’s recuperation, reinstating a wholeness experienced by many women, is possible.
As a woman, losing a breast is painful, physically and emotionally. It somewhat degrades her fundamental nature as a female, self- worth and sexuality, causing some trauma in her corporeal aspects also her sentiments. But with the transformation of the technological devices used by plastic micro-surgeons, rebuilding a lost breast of a patient’s recuperation, reinstating a wholeness experienced by many women, is possible.
Diep-BreastReconstruction.com
The Diep-breastreconstruction.com portal online. Within you will find recent and past patient testimonials, as well as different breast reconstruction procedure updates and contact information. Read more about Dr. Leif Liu Rogers, M.D., F.A.C.S.! Find out more about Breast Cancer and involvements. Take a look at Case Examples and Videos and Related Procedures. If you wish to contact us, take a look at the e-mail form.
http://www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
http://www.diep-breastreconstruction.com
asian peak
Asian Peak Philippines: Traveling to Greater Heights.
Conceptualized and established to inspire people to know more of the wonderful places in our country, this maiden project from Red Brick Tower Creative Media Publishing aims to promote Philippine tourism to the rest of the world.
In the form of interesting stories, compelling photos, and a striking layout, Asian Peak is packaged as a bimonthly periodical that covers topics on travel, leisure, arts, culture, and the like.
Our magazine will be of essential value for those who have the passion for traveling, as well as to aid those who are unfamiliar with the beauteous travel spots available waiting to be treaded upon by tourists and locals alike.
Allow us to take you to greater heights.
red brick tower
The Red Brick Tower Creative Media Publishing
Covering a broad spectrum of topics, our publications share the experiences of people, ranging from travel to information technology, from culture and the arts to a directory of hotspot locations in the Philippines.
The Red Brick Tower Creative Media Publishing (RBTCMP) is a modern and unique publishing company that focuses on providing magazines, books, brochures, ads, and the like for a wide group of audience.
We aim to come out with more specific reading materials you have not seen in the past to deliver useful information to our readers. The team is made up of an experienced group of professionals from a variety of disciplines. We strive to deliver an increasingly diverse portfolio so as to have a broader base from which to develop more publications.
Miyerkules, Agosto 25, 2010
Breast Augmentation (Mammoplasty)
Shape: the implant may have a round profile or one that is anatomic (teardrop or tapered shape)
Profile: the implant may have a low, medium or high projection (the depth of the implant from the base to the highest point of the implant curve)
Diameter: the width of the implant measured across it's base (the side of the implant that will be positioned over the chest wall)
Adult women of any age can benefit greatly from the enhancement breast implants provide. It is usually recommended, however, that a woman's breasts are fully developed prior to placement of breast implants. Saline implants are FDA approved for augmentation in women 18 years of age and older. Silicone implants are FDA approved for augmentation in women age 22 and older. Saline or silicone implants may be recommended at a younger age if used for reconstruction purposes.
You should be aware that breast implants are not guaranteed to last a lifetime and future surgery may be required to replace one or both implants. Regular examinations for breast health and to evaluate the condition of your implants are important whether you have chosen saline or silicone breast implants
All Surgery Carries Some Uncertainty and Risk
Breast augmentation is relatively straightforward. But as with any operation, there are risks associated with surgery and specific complications associated with this procedure.
The most common problem, capsular contracture, occurs if the scar or capsule around the implant begins to tighten. This squeezing of the soft implant can cause the breast to feel hard. Capsular contracture can be treated in several ways, and sometimes requires either removal or "scoring" of the scar tissue, or perhaps removal or replacement of the implant.
As with any surgical procedure, excessive bleeding following the operation may cause some swelling and pain. If excessive bleeding continues, another operation may be needed to control the bleeding and remove the accumulated blood.
A small percentage of women develop an infection around an implant. This may occur at any time, but is most often seen within a week after surgery. In some cases, the implant may need to be removed for several months until the infection clears. A new implant can then be inserted.
Some women report that their nipples become oversensitive, under sensitive, or even numb. You may also notice small patches of numbness near your incisions. These symptoms usually disappear within time, but may be permanent in some patients.
Breast implants do not generally interfere with a woman's ability to breast feed, or present a health hazard during pregnancy to a woman or her baby. However, pregnancy and the associated changes to a woman's body may alter the results of any breast surgery, including surgery to place breast implants. Therefore, it is important to discuss the options of breast implant surgery with your plastic surgeon if you are interested in becoming pregnant and breast feeding in the future.
Occasionally, breast implants may break or leak. Rupture can occur as a result of injury or even from the normal compression and movement of your breast and implant, causing the man-made shell to leak.
If a saline-filled implant breaks, the implant will deflate in a few hours and the salt water will be absorbed and naturally expelled by the body.
If a silicone-gel filled implant leak or break, the elastic silicone gel may remain within the implant shell, or may escape into the breast implant pocket (a capsule of tissue that surrounds the implant). A leaking implant filled with silicone gel may not deflate and may not be noticeable except through imaging techniques such as an MRI. For this reason, a woman with silicone breast implants is advised to visit her plastic surgeon annually to assess that her implants are functioning well. An ultrasound exam or MRI screening can assess the condition of breast implants; after 3 years it is recommended that all silicone implants be properly screened.
Following the placement of breast implants mammography is technically more difficult. Obtaining the best possible results requires specialized techniques and additional views. You must be candid about your implants when undergoing any diagnostic breast exam. In many cases, an ultrasound exam or MRI may be recommended in addition to mammography.
While the majority of women do not experience these complications, you should discuss each of them with your physician to make sure you understand the risks and consequences of breast augmentation.
tag:
Profile: the implant may have a low, medium or high projection (the depth of the implant from the base to the highest point of the implant curve)
Diameter: the width of the implant measured across it's base (the side of the implant that will be positioned over the chest wall)
Adult women of any age can benefit greatly from the enhancement breast implants provide. It is usually recommended, however, that a woman's breasts are fully developed prior to placement of breast implants. Saline implants are FDA approved for augmentation in women 18 years of age and older. Silicone implants are FDA approved for augmentation in women age 22 and older. Saline or silicone implants may be recommended at a younger age if used for reconstruction purposes.
You should be aware that breast implants are not guaranteed to last a lifetime and future surgery may be required to replace one or both implants. Regular examinations for breast health and to evaluate the condition of your implants are important whether you have chosen saline or silicone breast implants
All Surgery Carries Some Uncertainty and Risk
Breast augmentation is relatively straightforward. But as with any operation, there are risks associated with surgery and specific complications associated with this procedure.
The most common problem, capsular contracture, occurs if the scar or capsule around the implant begins to tighten. This squeezing of the soft implant can cause the breast to feel hard. Capsular contracture can be treated in several ways, and sometimes requires either removal or "scoring" of the scar tissue, or perhaps removal or replacement of the implant.
As with any surgical procedure, excessive bleeding following the operation may cause some swelling and pain. If excessive bleeding continues, another operation may be needed to control the bleeding and remove the accumulated blood.
A small percentage of women develop an infection around an implant. This may occur at any time, but is most often seen within a week after surgery. In some cases, the implant may need to be removed for several months until the infection clears. A new implant can then be inserted.
Some women report that their nipples become oversensitive, under sensitive, or even numb. You may also notice small patches of numbness near your incisions. These symptoms usually disappear within time, but may be permanent in some patients.
Breast implants do not generally interfere with a woman's ability to breast feed, or present a health hazard during pregnancy to a woman or her baby. However, pregnancy and the associated changes to a woman's body may alter the results of any breast surgery, including surgery to place breast implants. Therefore, it is important to discuss the options of breast implant surgery with your plastic surgeon if you are interested in becoming pregnant and breast feeding in the future.
Occasionally, breast implants may break or leak. Rupture can occur as a result of injury or even from the normal compression and movement of your breast and implant, causing the man-made shell to leak.
If a saline-filled implant breaks, the implant will deflate in a few hours and the salt water will be absorbed and naturally expelled by the body.
If a silicone-gel filled implant leak or break, the elastic silicone gel may remain within the implant shell, or may escape into the breast implant pocket (a capsule of tissue that surrounds the implant). A leaking implant filled with silicone gel may not deflate and may not be noticeable except through imaging techniques such as an MRI. For this reason, a woman with silicone breast implants is advised to visit her plastic surgeon annually to assess that her implants are functioning well. An ultrasound exam or MRI screening can assess the condition of breast implants; after 3 years it is recommended that all silicone implants be properly screened.
Following the placement of breast implants mammography is technically more difficult. Obtaining the best possible results requires specialized techniques and additional views. You must be candid about your implants when undergoing any diagnostic breast exam. In many cases, an ultrasound exam or MRI may be recommended in addition to mammography.
While the majority of women do not experience these complications, you should discuss each of them with your physician to make sure you understand the risks and consequences of breast augmentation.
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Breast Augmentation (Mammoplasty)
Breast augmentation, technically known as augmentation mammoplasty, is a surgical procedure to enhance the size and shape of a woman's breast for a number of reasons:
To enhance the body contour of a woman who, for personal reasons, feels her breast size is too small.
To restore breast volume lost due to weight loss or following pregnancy
To achieve better symmetry when breasts are moderately disproportionate in size and shape
To improve the shape of breasts that are sagging or have lost firmness, often used with a breast lift procedure
To provide the foundation of a breast contour when a breast has been removed or disfigured by surgery to treat breast cancer
To improve breast appearance or create the appearance of a breast that is missing or disfigured due to trauma, heredity, or congenital abnormalities
By inserting an implant behind each breast, surgeons are able to increase a woman's bust line by one or more bra cup sizes. If you're considering breast augmentation, this will give you a basic understanding of the procedure—when it can help, how it's performed, and what results you can expect. It can't answer all of your questions, since a lot depends on your individual circumstances. Please ask your surgeon if there is anything you don't understand about the procedure.
To enhance the body contour of a woman who, for personal reasons, feels her breast size is too small.
To restore breast volume lost due to weight loss or following pregnancy
To achieve better symmetry when breasts are moderately disproportionate in size and shape
To improve the shape of breasts that are sagging or have lost firmness, often used with a breast lift procedure
To provide the foundation of a breast contour when a breast has been removed or disfigured by surgery to treat breast cancer
To improve breast appearance or create the appearance of a breast that is missing or disfigured due to trauma, heredity, or congenital abnormalities
By inserting an implant behind each breast, surgeons are able to increase a woman's bust line by one or more bra cup sizes. If you're considering breast augmentation, this will give you a basic understanding of the procedure—when it can help, how it's performed, and what results you can expect. It can't answer all of your questions, since a lot depends on your individual circumstances. Please ask your surgeon if there is anything you don't understand about the procedure.
Preparing For Your Surgery
Your surgeon will give you instructions to prepare for surgery, including guidelines on eating and drinking, smoking, and taking or avoiding certain vitamins and medications. A mammogram may be recommended prior to your procedure to ensure breast health and serve as a baseline for future comparison.
In addition to explaining your surgical procedure, you plastic surgeon will discuss anaesthesia, the recovery process and your obligations as a patient. You will also discuss where your procedure will be performed. You will be asked to sign consent forms to ensure that you fully understand the procedure you will undergo and any risks and potential complications of your surgery. There may be a waiting period of several days to weeks from the time of your consent to the day of surgery.
While making preparations, be sure to arrange for someone to drive you home after your surgery and to help you out for a few days.
Planning Your Surgery
In your initial consultation, your surgeon will evaluate your health and explain which surgical techniques are most appropriate for you, based on the condition of your breasts and skin tone. If your breasts are sagging, your doctor may also recommend a breast lift.
Be sure to discuss your expectations frankly with your surgeon. He or she should be equally frank with you, describing your alternatives and the risks and limitations of each. You may want to ask your surgeon for a copy of the manufacturer's insert that comes with the implant he or she will use—just so you are fully informed about it. And, be sure to tell your surgeon if you smoke, and if you're taking any medications, vitamins, or other drugs.
Your surgeon should also explain the type of anaesthesia to be used, the type of facility where the surgery will be performed, and the costs involved. Because most insurance companies do not consider breast augmentation to be medically necessary, carriers generally do not cover the cost of this procedure.
The Best Candidates For Breast Augmentation
Breast augmentation can enhance your appearance and your self-confidence, but it won't necessarily change your looks to match your ideal, or cause other people to treat you differently. Before you decide to have surgery, think carefully about your expectations and discuss them with your surgeon.
The best candidates for breast augmentation are women who are looking for improvement, not perfection, in the way they look. If you're physically healthy and realistic in your expectations, you may be a good candidate.
Types of Implants
The choice of implant filler, implant size, shape and other features will be determined based on your breast anatomy, body type and your desired increase in size. Your lifestyle, goals and personal preferences, as well your plastic surgeon's recommendations and sound surgical judgment are also determining factors. Implant manufacturers occasionally introduce new styles and types of implants, and therefore there may be additional options available to you.
Breast implants are medical devices with a solid silicone, rubber shell. The implant shell may be filled with either saline solution (sterile salt water) or elastic silicone gel. Both saline and silicone gel breast implants are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Approval means that an implant has been rigorously researched and tested, and reviewed by an independent panel of physicians for safety.
The size of a breast implant is measured in cubic centimetres (ccs) based on the volume of the saline or silicone filler.
What is Abdominoplasty?
Many people have problems keeping their tummy area in shape. Some have tried dieting and exercise yet still do not get the results they want to have. Abdominoplasty might just be the solution for such concerns.
Commonly known as a Tummy Tuck, Abdominoplasty involves the surgery of the abdomen in which excess fatty tissue and skin are removed, resulting to a firm and smooth abdomen. The procedure entails the removal of excess abdominal skin, reduction of fat below the skin, and if necessary, tightening of the muscles of the abdominal wall.
Most people who undergo this treatment are those who have gone through pregnancies. Sometimes the old unsightly scars from a C-section, appendectomy, and stretch marks can be removed as well. A Tummy Tuck results to a more youthful, firmer, and flatter abdominal contour.
However, do take note that Abdominoplasty is not a substitute for weight loss. We highly recommend weight management programs for patients to maintain their weight and keep the body in its new shape.
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